Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): March 2025

This issue consists of 5 articles contributed by 27 authors affiliated with 14 institutions from 3 countries including Indonesia (Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Indonesia, Universitas Malikussaleh, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Universitas Syiah Kuala, and STIKes Muhammadiyah Lhokseumawe, and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital), Nigeria (Babcock University, University of Nigeria, Medbury Medical Services, and National Reference Laboratory), and UK (University of Brighton).